Are you preparing for AQA GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 and feeling unsure about what might come up? Don’t worry—we’ve got you covered! Our 2025 Predicted Papers are designed to help you revise smarter, not harder by focusing on key topics based on past trends and examiner reports.

🔬 How We Made Our Predictions

We’ve carefully analysed past exam papers, question styles, and syllabus trends to predict the most likely topics for this year’s Chemistry Paper 2. While we can’t guarantee exactly what will appear, our predictions will help you focus your revision where it counts!

📚 What’s Included in Our Predicted Papers?

✅ Full exam-style question papers to practise under timed conditions
✅ Exam-style mark schemes so you can check your answers and improve technique
✅ NEW for 2025 – FREE video walkthroughs! 🎥

• Led by experienced teachers and examiners

• Shows you how to interpret questions and structure your answers for full marks

• Helps you avoid common mistakes that students often make

📖 Why Use Predicted Papers for Your Revision?

🔹 Practise like it’s the real exam – Get comfortable with the question format and timing
🔹 Identify gaps in your knowledge – See which areas you need to focus on
🔹 Improve exam technique – Learn how to answer questions in the way examiners expect
🔹 Boost confidence – Knowing you’ve tackled realistic questions reduces stress on exam day

🚀 Get Extra Support – Join Our Masterclasses!

Want even more help? Join our Chemistry Masterclasses! 🧪🎧 We offer:
🔹 Live revision sessions breaking down tricky topics
🔹 Exam technique workshops to help you pick up marks efficiently
🔹 Night-before-exam prep for a last-minute confidence boost

📢 Grab your predicted papers and sign up for a masterclass 

💙 Take Care of Yourself!

Exams can feel stressful, but remember—your grades do not define you. Take breaks, stay hydrated, and believe in yourself. Every bit of effort you put in now is a step closer to success. You’ve got this! 💪✨

Which paper are you looking for?

• AQA GCSE Separate Science Chemistry | Higher | Pap …

• AQA GCSE Combined Chemistry | Higher | Paper 2 | 2 …

• AQA GCSE Separate Chemistry | Foundation | Paper 2 …

• AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry | Foundation | …

AQA GCSE Separate Science Chemistry | Higher | Paper 2 | 2025 Predicted Topics & Revision Guide

Here are our 2025 predictions for AQA GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 (Higher)! 🔬✨ These topics are based on past trends, but remember—revise everything to be fully prepared! 💪📚

🌍 Earth’s Atmosphere

✅ Composition of the Atmosphere

• 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases (CO₂, noble gases, water vapour)
  ✅ How the Atmosphere Evolved:

1. Volcanic activity released gases → lots of CO₂, little oxygen

2. Oceans formed, CO₂ dissolved into them

3. Photosynthesis by algae & plants increased oxygen levels

4. Carbon locked in rocks, fossil fuels, and oceans

🔥 Combustion, Equations & Pollutants

✅ Complete Combustion:

• Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water
  ✅ Incomplete Combustion:

• Hydrocarbon + Limited Oxygen → Carbon monoxide + Soot (Carbon) + Water
  ✅ Pollutants from Burning Fuels:

• CO₂ – Global warming

• CO (carbon monoxide) – Toxic gas

• SO₂ (sulfur dioxide) & NOx (nitrogen oxides) – Acid rain

• Particulates (soot) – Global dimming, respiratory problems

🌱 Earth’s Natural Resources

✅ Finite vs. Renewable Resources

• Finite: Coal, oil, metal ores – will run out

• Renewable: Water, solar energy, wood – can be replaced
  ✅ Sustainable Development

• Using resources without depleting them for future generations
  ✅ How to Reduce Resource Use:

• Recycling metals & plastics

• Using alternative materials (e.g. bio-based plastics)

⚡ Rates of Reaction

✅ Factors Affecting Rate:

• Temperature – Particles move faster, more collisions

• Concentration – More particles = more collisions

• Surface Area – Smaller pieces = more exposed area

• Catalysts – Lower activation energy, speed up reactions
  ✅ Collision Theory:

• Particles must collide with enough energy (activation energy) for a reaction to happen

🧪 Acids & Alkalis

✅ pH Scale:

• Acid = pH 0-6 (HCl, sulfuric acid)

• Neutral = pH 7 (pure water)

• Alkali = pH 8-14 (NaOH, ammonia)
  ✅ Neutralisation:

• Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water
  ✅ Titration Practical:

• Measures exact amount of acid needed to neutralise an alkali

⚖️ Le Chatelier’s Principle

✅ If a system in equilibrium is disturbed, it shifts to oppose the change
✅ Changing Conditions:

• Increase temperature → Shifts to endothermic side

• Increase pressure → Shifts to side with fewer gas molecules

• Increase concentration of reactants → More products form

🛢️ Fractional Distillation & Crude Oil

✅ Crude Oil = Mixture of Hydrocarbons (mainly alkanes)
✅ Fractional Distillation Process:

• Heated → Vapours rise → Cool at different levels → Condense into fractions
  ✅ Trends in Fractions:

• Smaller molecules = lower boiling points, more flammable

• Larger molecules = higher boiling points, more viscous

🧪 Organic Chemistry

✅ Alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂) – Single bonds, saturated
✅ Alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ) – Double bonds, unsaturated
✅ Complete combustion:

• Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → CO₂ + H₂O
  ✅ Cracking:

• Breaking large hydrocarbons into smaller, useful ones

🌱 Life Cycle Assessments (LCA)

✅ Stages of an LCA:

1. Raw material extraction – Energy use, waste produced

2. Manufacturing & transport – Pollution, emissions

3. Usage – Energy consumed during product’s life

4. Disposal – Landfill, recycling, decomposition
   ✅ Why Are LCAs Important?

• Compare environmental impact of different products

💧 Water

✅ Potable Water (Safe to Drink):

• Filtration – Removes solids

• Sterilisation – Kills microbes (chlorine, ozone, UV light)
  ✅ Desalination:

• Used in areas with limited fresh water

• Distillation or reverse osmosis to remove salt

🍷 Production of Ethanol

✅ Two Methods:

• Fermentation:

  • Glucose → Ethanol + CO₂ (uses yeast, 30-40°C, anaerobic)

• Hydration of Ethene:

  • Ethene + Steam → Ethanol (uses a catalyst, high temp & pressure)
    ✅ Fermentation vs. Hydration:

• Fermentation = Renewable but slow

• Hydration = Fast but uses crude oil

🧵 Polymers

✅ Addition Polymers:

• Made from alkenes (e.g. poly(ethene))

• Double bond opens to form long chains
  ✅ Condensation Polymers:

• Two monomers react & produce a small molecule (water)

• Used for nylon, polyesters

🔬 Test for Ions

✅ Flame Tests (for Metal Ions):

• Lithium (Li⁺) → Red

• Sodium (Na⁺) → Yellow

• Potassium (K⁺) → Lilac

• Calcium (Ca²⁺) → Orange-Red

• Copper (Cu²⁺) → Green
  ✅ Tests for Negative Ions:

• Carbonates: Add acid → CO₂ bubbles

• Sulfates: Add BaCl₂ + HCl → White precipitate

• Halides: Add AgNO₃ + HNO₃ → Precipitate forms

  • Chloride = White

  • Bromide = Cream

  • Iodide = Yellow

🌾 Fertilisers

✅ Why Are Fertilisers Important?

• Provide Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) for plant growth
  ✅ Making Fertilisers:

• Ammonia + Acid → Fertiliser Salt

• Example: Ammonia + Nitric Acid → Ammonium Nitrate

🚀 Get Extra Support – Join Our Masterclasses!

Need extra help? Join our Chemistry Masterclasses! 🧪🎧 We offer:
🔹 Live revision sessions breaking down tricky topics
🔹 Exam technique workshops to help you pick up marks efficiently
🔹 Night-before-exam prep for a last-minute confidence boost

📢 Grab your predicted papers and sign up for a masterclass

💙 Take Care of Yourself!

Exams can feel overwhelming, but remember—you are more than your grades. Take breaks, stay hydrated, and believe in yourself. Every bit of effort you put in now is a step closer to success. You’ve got this! 💪✨

AQA GCSE Combined Chemistry | Higher | Paper 2 | 2025 Predicted Topics & Revision Guide

Here are our 2025 predictions for AQA GCSE Combined Trilogy Science Chemistry Paper 2! 🔬✨ These topics are based on past trends, but remember—revise everything to be fully prepared! 💪📚

🌍 Earth’s Atmosphere

✅ Composition of the Atmosphere:

• 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases (CO₂, noble gases, water vapour)
  ✅ How the Atmosphere Evolved:

1. Volcanic activity released gases – early atmosphere was mostly CO₂

2. Oceans formed, CO₂ dissolved into them

3. Photosynthesis by algae & plants increased oxygen levels

4. Carbon locked in rocks, fossil fuels, and oceans
   ✅ Greenhouse Effect & Climate Change:

• Greenhouse gases (CO₂, methane, water vapour) trap heat

• More greenhouse gases = global warming

• Reducing emissions: Renewable energy, carbon capture, less deforestation

🔥 Combustion, Equations & Pollutants

✅ Complete Combustion:

• Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water
  ✅ Incomplete Combustion:

• Hydrocarbon + Limited Oxygen → Carbon monoxide + Soot (Carbon) + Water
  ✅ Pollutants from Burning Fuels:

• CO₂ – Global warming

• CO (carbon monoxide) – Toxic, prevents oxygen transport in blood

• SO₂ (sulfur dioxide) & NOx (nitrogen oxides) – Cause acid rain

• Particulates (soot) – Cause global dimming & breathing problems

🌱 Earth’s Natural Resources

✅ Finite vs. Renewable Resources:

• Finite: Coal, oil, metal ores – will eventually run out

• Renewable: Water, wind, solar energy – can be replaced naturally
  ✅ Sustainable Development:

• Using resources without depleting them for future generations
  ✅ Ways to Reduce Resource Use:

• Recycling metals & plastics

• Using alternative materials (e.g. bioplastics instead of oil-based plastics)

⚡ Rates of Reaction

✅ Factors Affecting Rate:

• Temperature – Higher temperature = faster reaction (more energy, more collisions)

• Concentration – More particles in a given volume = more collisions

• Surface Area – Smaller pieces = more area for reactions

• Catalysts – Lower activation energy, speed up reactions
  ✅ Collision Theory:

• Particles must collide with enough energy (activation energy) for a reaction to happen

🧪 Acids & Alkalis

✅ pH Scale:

• Acid = pH 0-6 (HCl, sulfuric acid)

• Neutral = pH 7 (pure water)

• Alkali = pH 8-14 (NaOH, ammonia)
  ✅ Neutralisation:

• Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water

⚖️ Le Chatelier’s Principle

✅ If a system in equilibrium is disturbed, it shifts to oppose the change
✅ Changing Conditions:

• Increase temperature → Shifts to endothermic side

• Increase pressure → Shifts to side with fewer gas molecules

• Increase concentration of reactants → More products form

🛢️ Fractional Distillation & Crude Oil

✅ Crude Oil = Mixture of Hydrocarbons (mainly alkanes)
✅ Fractional Distillation Process:

• Heated → Vapours rise → Cool at different levels → Condense into fractions
  ✅ Trends in Fractions:

• Smaller molecules = Lower boiling points, more flammable

• Larger molecules = Higher boiling points, more viscous

🧪 Organic Chemistry

✅ Alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂) – Single bonds, saturated
✅ Alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ) – Double bonds, unsaturated
✅ Cracking:

• Breaking large hydrocarbons into smaller, useful ones

• Produces alkanes & alkenes

🌱 Life Cycle Assessments (LCA)

✅ Stages of an LCA:

1. Raw material extraction – Energy use, waste produced

2. Manufacturing & transport – Pollution, emissions

3. Usage – Energy consumed during the product’s life

4. Disposal – Landfill, recycling, decomposition
   ✅ Why Are LCAs Important?

• Compare environmental impact of different products

💧 Water

✅ Potable Water (Safe to Drink):

• Filtration – Removes solids

• Sterilisation – Kills microbes (chlorine, ozone, UV light)
  ✅ Desalination:

• Used in areas with limited fresh water

• Distillation or reverse osmosis to remove salt
  ✅ Water Treatment Stages:

1. Screening – Removes large debris

2. Sedimentation – Separates sludge from clean water

3. Filtration – Removes tiny particles

4. Chlorination – Kills bacteria

🚀 Get Extra Support – Join Our Masterclasses!

Need extra help? Join our Chemistry Masterclasses! 🧪🎧 We offer:
🔹 Live revision sessions breaking down tricky topics
🔹 Exam technique workshops to help you pick up marks efficiently
🔹 Night-before-exam prep for a last-minute confidence boost

📢 Grab your predicted papers and sign up for a masterclass

💙 Take Care of Yourself!

Exams can feel stressful, but remember—your grades do not define you. Take breaks, stay hydrated, and believe in yourself. You’ve got this! 💪✨

AQA GCSE Separate Chemistry | Foundation | Paper 2 | 2025 Predicted Topics & Revision Guide

Here are our 2025 predictions for AQA GCSE Separate Chemistry Paper 2 (Foundation)! 🧪✨ We’ve broken down each topic into clear, simple explanations to help you revise easily. But remember—revise everything to be fully prepared! 💪📚

🌍 Earth’s Atmosphere

✅ What is the atmosphere made of?

• 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases (carbon dioxide, water vapour, noble gases)
  ✅ How did the atmosphere change over time?

1. Volcanoes released gases, including lots of carbon dioxide

2. Oceans formed and absorbed carbon dioxide

3. Plants and algae started photosynthesis → oxygen increased
   ✅ Greenhouse Effect & Climate Change

• Gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane trap heat → global warming

• Reducing emissions helps slow climate change

🔥 Combustion, Equations & Pollutants

✅ Combustion = Burning
✅ Complete Combustion:

• Fuel + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water

• Produces more energy and is cleaner
  ✅ Incomplete Combustion:

• Fuel + Limited Oxygen → Carbon monoxide + Soot (Carbon) + Water

• Carbon monoxide is toxic and soot causes pollution
  ✅ Pollutants from Burning Fuels:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂) – Traps heat, causes global warming

• Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) & Nitrogen oxides (NOx) – Cause acid rain

• Soot (Particulates) – Cause breathing problems

🌱 Earth’s Natural Resources

✅ What are natural resources?

• Finite (non-renewable) – Coal, oil, metals (will run out)

• Renewable – Sunlight, wind, trees (can be replaced)
  ✅ Why should we conserve resources?

• Recycling metals & plastics reduces waste

• Using sustainable materials helps protect the environment

⚡ Rates of Reaction

✅ What affects reaction speed?

• Temperature – Higher temperature = faster reaction

• Concentration – More particles = more collisions = faster reaction

• Surface area – Small pieces react faster than big chunks

• Catalysts – Speed up reactions without being used up

🧪 Purity & Chromatography

✅ What is a pure substance?

• Pure = Only one substance (e.g. pure gold)

• Impurities lower melting points and raise boiling points
  ✅ Paper Chromatography:

• Used to separate colours in a mixture

🛢️ Fractional Distillation & Crude Oil

✅ Crude Oil = Mixture of Hydrocarbons
✅ How fractional distillation works:

• Heated → Vapours rise → Different boiling points → Separate into fractions
  ✅ Trends in Fractions:

• Small molecules = Low boiling point, more flammable

• Large molecules = High boiling point, thick and sticky

🧪 Organic Chemistry

✅ Alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂) – Single bonds, saturated
✅ Alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ) – Double bonds, unsaturated
✅ Cracking:

• Breaks large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones

🌱 Life Cycle Assessments (LCA)

✅ What are the four stages of an LCA?

1. Raw materials – Mining, cutting down trees

2. Making the product – Uses energy, creates waste

3. Using the product – Some need electricity or water

4. Disposal – Recycling is better than landfill

💧 Water

✅ How do we make water safe to drink?

• Filtration – Removes dirt

• Sterilisation – Kills bacteria (chlorine, ozone, UV light)
  ✅ Desalination:

• Removes salt from seawater using distillation or reverse osmosis

🍷 Production of Ethanol

✅ Two ways to make ethanol:

• Fermentation: Sugar + Yeast → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

• Hydration of Ethene: Ethene + Steam → Ethanol
  ✅ Fermentation = Renewable but slow
  ✅ Hydration = Fast but uses crude oil

🧵 Polymers

✅ What are polymers?

• Long chains of small molecules (monomers)
  ✅ Types of Polymers:

• Addition Polymers – Made from alkenes (e.g. poly(ethene))

• Biodegradable Polymers – Break down naturally

🔬 Test for Ions

✅ Flame Tests (for Metal Ions):

• Lithium (Li⁺) → Red

• Sodium (Na⁺) → Yellow

• Potassium (K⁺) → Lilac

• Calcium (Ca²⁺) → Orange-Red

• Copper (Cu²⁺) → Green
  ✅ Tests for Negative Ions:

• Carbonates: Add acid → CO₂ bubbles

• Sulfates: Add BaCl₂ + HCl → White precipitate

• Halides: Add AgNO₃ + HNO₃ → Precipitate forms

  • Chloride = White

  • Bromide = Cream

  • Iodide = Yellow

🌾 Fertilisers

✅ Why do plants need fertilisers?

• Provide Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) for plant growth
  ✅ How are fertilisers made?

• Ammonia + Acid → Fertiliser Salt

• Example: Ammonia + Nitric Acid → Ammonium Nitrate

🚀 Get Extra Support – Join Our Masterclasses!

Need extra help? Join our Chemistry Masterclasses! 🧪🎧 We offer:
🔹 Live revision sessions breaking down tricky topics
🔹 Exam technique workshops to help you pick up marks efficiently
🔹 Night-before-exam prep for a last-minute confidence boost

📢 Grab your predicted papers and sign up for a masterclass

💙 Take Care of Yourself!

Exams can feel stressful, but remember—your grades do not define you. Take breaks, stay hydrated, and believe in yourself. You’ve got this! 💪✨

AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry | Foundation | Paper 2 | 2025 Predicted Topics & Revision Guide

Here are our 2025 predictions for AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry Paper 2! 🧪✨ We’ve kept things simple and clear to help you revise easily. Remember—revise everything to be fully prepared! 💪📚

🌍 Earth’s Atmosphere

✅ What is the atmosphere made of?

• 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases (carbon dioxide, water vapour, noble gases)
  ✅ How has the atmosphere changed over time?

1. Volcanoes released gases → early atmosphere full of carbon dioxide

2. Oceans formed and absorbed CO₂

3. Plants and algae started photosynthesis → oxygen levels increased
   ✅ Greenhouse Effect & Climate Change

• Greenhouse gases (CO₂, methane, water vapour) trap heat → global warming

• Burning fossil fuels increases CO₂

• Reducing emissions helps slow climate change

🔥 Combustion, Equations & Pollutants

✅ What is combustion? (burning fuels)
✅ Complete Combustion:

• Fuel + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water
  ✅ Incomplete Combustion:

• Fuel + Limited Oxygen → Carbon monoxide + Soot (Carbon) + Water
  ✅ Pollutants from Burning Fuels:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂) – Causes global warming

• Carbon monoxide (CO) – Toxic gas, stops oxygen in blood

• Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) & Nitrogen oxides (NOx) – Cause acid rain

• Soot (Particulates) – Cause breathing problems

🌱 Earth’s Natural Resources

✅ What are natural resources?

• Finite (non-renewable) – Coal, oil, metals (will run out)

• Renewable – Sunlight, wind, trees (can be replaced)
  ✅ Why should we conserve resources?

• Recycling metals & plastics reduces waste

• Using alternative materials helps protect the environment

⚡ Rates of Reaction

✅ What affects reaction speed?

• Temperature – Higher temperature = faster reaction

• Concentration – More particles = more collisions = faster reaction

• Surface area – Small pieces react faster than big chunks

• Catalysts – Speed up reactions without being used up

🧪 Purity & Chromatography

✅ What is a pure substance?

• Pure = Only one substance (e.g. pure gold)

• Impurities lower melting points and raise boiling points
  ✅ Paper Chromatography:

• Used to separate colours in a mixture

🛢️ Fractional Distillation & Crude Oil

✅ Crude Oil = Mixture of Hydrocarbons
✅ How fractional distillation works:

• Heated → Vapours rise → Different boiling points → Separate into fractions
  ✅ Trends in Fractions:

• Small molecules = Low boiling point, more flammable

• Large molecules = High boiling point, thick and sticky

🧪 Organic Chemistry

✅ Alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂) – Single bonds, saturated
✅ Alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ) – Double bonds, unsaturated
✅ Cracking:

• Breaks large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones

🌱 Life Cycle Assessments (LCA)

✅ What are the four stages of an LCA?

1. Raw materials – Mining, cutting down trees

2. Making the product – Uses energy, creates waste

3. Using the product – Some need electricity or water

4. Disposal – Recycling is better than landfill

💧 Water

✅ How do we make water safe to drink?

• Filtration – Removes dirt

• Sterilisation – Kills bacteria (chlorine, ozone, UV light)
  ✅ Desalination:

• Removes salt from seawater using distillation or reverse osmosis

🚀 Get Extra Support – Join Our Masterclasses!

Need extra help? Join our Chemistry Masterclasses! 🧪🎧 We offer:
🔹 Live revision sessions breaking down tricky topics
🔹 Exam technique workshops to help you pick up marks efficiently
🔹 Night-before-exam prep for a last-minute confidence boost

📢 Grab your predicted papers and sign up for a masterclass

💙 Take Care of Yourself!

Exams can feel stressful, but remember—your grades do not define you. Take breaks, stay hydrated, and believe in yourself. You’ve got this! 💪✨